Network Servers

3. Server Hardware

You will be using your network server all day, every day. This means the hardware needs to be very robust.

The key components are the processor, RAM (random access memory) and hard disk.

3.1 Choose a network server with a powerful processor.

• Most servers will come with dual or quad core processors. These are effectively two or four processors in one, so a quad core processor running at 2GHz is more powerful than a dual core processor running at 2.5GHz.
• The processor is not the only thing that determines server performance. The other hardware elements are crucial too.
• Look for at least a dual core 3GHz processor. If you have lots of users (up to 30) or run demanding applications, you can opt for one or more quad core processors.

3.2 Ensure that you have enough RAM available.

You will be able to access files faster with more RAM.

• Do not buy a server with less than 2GB of RAM. 4GB or more may be advisable, depending on your operating system.
• You will need more RAM if you run a database or any applications on your network server.

3.3 The hard disk is the part of your server that is most likely to fail.

You should minimise the risk of this happening.

• Ensure the hard disk is large enough for your needs. This figure is largely determined by the kind of files you use and what applications you run on the server. Consider 250GB an absolute minimum.
• SCSI hard disks are more expensive but faster and more robust than standard IDE disk drives. The faster the drive, the less time it takes for a user to access a file.
• Consider having several hard-disk drives if you need extra-large capacity. You will probably want to invest in a RAID system, which is designed to tolerate a drive failure and keep on working (see 5.3).

3.4 You will need to check for or choose some additional components.

• You need a network interface card (NIC) to connect to your business network. A 1GB card should be included as standard.
• You may be able to add additional cards if you transfer large amounts of data.
• Ensure the server has some spare expansion slots. You can use these for upgrades.
• An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) will supply power to your server in the event of a power cut (see 5.1).
• A hardware firewall can protect your server from internet hackers.

3.5 The cost of your server will vary considerably depending on the speculation.

• An entry-level server will cost at least £300. More powerful servers can cost thousands.