Networking Your Business

2. Network Equipment

2.1 You may need to purchase a network server.

• A server is used to administer the network and store key files.

2.2 Unless you are opting for a totally wireless network (see 2.5) you will need cables to connect your computers together.

• The most common type of network cable is often referred to as an 'Ethernet cable'. These cables are similar to telephone cables and have a plug on either end which looks a bit like a telephone connector.
• The cables are rated for speed. Category 5 cables can carry data at 100Mbits per second. Category 6 cables can carry data at 1,000Mbits per second. You can mix category 5 and 6 equipment on the same network.
• Use Category 6 cables to help future-proof your network.

2.3 Every device you want to connect to the network must have a network adaptor.

• Most computers have a network adaptor built in. If not, you can buy them cheaply (around £10).
• If you are creating a wireless network, your computers need wireless adaptors. Most laptops have these built in. If not, you can buy plug-in adaptors or expansion cards.
• Look for wireless adaptors that support 802.11g or, ideally, 802.11n, the fastest type of wireless network.

2.4 You will also need a hub or router.

• The hub or router sits at the very centre of your network.
• A router will manage the traffic on your network and ensure all computers communicate correctly.
• A hub is a simpler piece of equipment without the ability to manage network traffic.
• Opt for a router if possible. It will give you more flexibility and better performance.
• Make sure your router has enough connections (called ports). If you have five computers and one printer, you will need at least six ports.
• Some routers are able to connect to the internet directly. This makes sharing the connection simple, and is ideal if you do not have a server.
• Make sure your router supports at least category 5 cables, and category 6 if possible.
• Some routers have wireless capabilities too. (see 2.5).

2.5 You may require a wireless access point (AP).

• An AP acts just like a hub, but uses radio links instead of wires. Computers with wireless adaptors connect to it to join the network.
• There are several types of wireless network. The most common is 802.11g, which runs at up to 54Mbits per second.
• 802.11n, which can run at up over 100Mbits per second, is becoming more widespread. It is not worth paying significantly more for this, but if you can find an affordable AP which supports it then it is a way of future-proofing your network.

2.6 A hardware firewall can protect your network from online security threats and hackers.

• A firewall blocks malicious internet traffic and hacking attempts.
• If you have a server, make sure a hardware firewall sits between it and your internet connection.
• Many internet routers have firewalls built in. These are adequate if you do not have a server.